pronomenA1
Personlige pronomener
[Personal Pronouns (Subject & Object Forms)]Personal pronouns replace nouns for people and things. They have two cases: subject form (performing the action: jeg, du, han) and object form (receiving the action: meg, deg, ham).
1. Table: Subject vs. Object Forms
Person
1. person entall(1st person sing.)
Subject Form
jeg(I)
Object Form
meg(me)
Person
2. person entall(2nd person sing.)
Subject Form
du(you)
Object Form
deg(you)
Person
3. person hankjønn(3rd person masc.)
Subject Form
han(he)
Object Form
ham / han(him)
Person
3. person hunkjønn(3rd person fem.)
Subject Form
hun(she)
Object Form
henne(her)
Person
3. person intetkjønn(3rd person neuter)
Subject Form
det(it)
Object Form
det(it)
Person
3. person ting (hankjønn/hunkjønn)(3rd person thing (masc./fem.))
Subject Form
den(it)
Object Form
den(it)
Person
1. person flertall(1st person plur.)
Subject Form
vi(we)
Object Form
oss(us)
Person
2. person flertall(2nd person plur.)
Subject Form
dere(you)
Object Form
dere(you)
Person
3. person flertall(3rd person plur.)
Subject Form
de(they)
Object Form
dem(them)
| Person | Subject Form | Object Form |
|---|---|---|
1. person entall1st person sing. | jegI | megme |
2. person entall2nd person sing. | duyou | degyou |
3. person hankjønn3rd person masc. | hanhe | ham / hanhim |
3. person hunkjønn3rd person fem. | hunshe | henneher |
3. person intetkjønn3rd person neuter | detit | detit |
3. person ting (hankjønn/hunkjønn)3rd person thing (masc./fem.) | denit | denit |
1. person flertall1st person plur. | viwe | ossus |
2. person flertall2nd person plur. | dereyou | dereyou |
3. person flertall3rd person plur. | dethey | demthem |
2. Usage in Sentences
A. Subject vs. Object in Context:
Jeg ser deg, og du ser meg.I see you, and you see me.
Han kjenner henne fra norskkurset.He knows her from the Norwegian course.
Vi snakker med dem hver helg.We speak with them every weekend.
B. After Prepositions (Always Object Form):
Vil du være med oss på kino?Do you want to come with us to the cinema?
Denne gaven er til deg fra meg.This gift is for you from me.
Læreren venter på dem i klasserommet.The teacher is waiting for them in the classroom.
C. 'Den' vs. 'Det' for Objects, Situations, and Presentations:
'Den' and 'det' replace nouns to avoid repetition (answering English 'it'). Masculine/feminine nouns become 'den', while neuter nouns become 'det':
Når får du leiligheten? — Den får jeg i morgen. (en leilighet → den)When do you get the apartment? — I get it tomorrow.
Når lander flyet? — Det lander kl. 14.00. (et fly → det)When does the plane land? — It lands at 14:00.
Hvordan går det? — Det går fint! / Hvordan er været? — Det er fint i dag.How are things? — It's going great! / How is the weather? — It is nice today.
Hvem er det som banker på døra? (ukjent person = alltid «det»)Who is that knocking on the door? (unknown entity = always 'det').
Det er mandag i dag. (presentering av dag/tid = alltid «det», aldri «den»)It is Monday today (presentations = always 'det', never 'den').
Two classic pitfalls: 1) Gender mismatch: 'Jeg har kjøpt et nytt hus. Den er stor' ❌ → 'Det er stort' ✅ ('et hus' requires 'det'). 2) Day presentation: 'Den er onsdag i dag' ❌ → 'Det er onsdag i dag' ✅ (introductory time/day expressions ALWAYS take 'det').