GrammarverbUregelmessige og sterke verb
verbA1

Uregelmessige og sterke verb

[Irregular and Strong Verbs]

1. The 15 Essential Daily Verbs (A1–A2)

Infinitive
å gå(to go / walk)
Present
går
Past
gikk
Participle
har gått
Infinitive
å få(to get / receive)
Present
får
Past
fikk
Participle
har fått
Infinitive
å stå(to stand)
Present
står
Past
sto / stod
Participle
har stått
Infinitive
å ta(to take)
Present
tar
Past
tok
Participle
har tatt
Infinitive
å se(to see / look)
Present
ser
Past
så
Participle
har sett
Infinitive
å gi(to give)
Present
gir
Past
ga / gav
Participle
har gitt
Infinitive
å komme(to come)
Present
kommer
Past
kom
Participle
har kommet
Infinitive
å skrive(to write)
Present
skriver
Past
skrev
Participle
har skrevet
Infinitive
å finne(to find)
Present
finner
Past
fant
Participle
har funnet
Infinitive
å drikke(to drink)
Present
drikker
Past
drakk
Participle
har drukket
Infinitive
å synge(to sing)
Present
synger
Past
sang
Participle
har sunget
Infinitive
å hjelpe(to help)
Present
hjelper
Past
hjalp
Participle
har hjulpet
Infinitive
å ligge(to lie down)
Present
ligger
Past
lå
Participle
har ligget
Infinitive
å legge(to lay / put flat)
Present
legger
Past
la
Participle
har lagt
Infinitive
å sitte(to sit)
Present
sitter
Past
satt
Participle
har sittet

2. Typical Vowel Shift Patterns (Ablaut)

Many strong verbs follow consistent vowel change progressions, simplifying memorization:

Pattern
i → e → e
Infinitive
å bli / å skrive / å drive(become / write / operate)
Past
ble / skrev / drev
Participle
har blitt / skrevet / drevet
Pattern
i → a → u
Infinitive
å finne / å drikke / å vinne(find / drink / win)
Past
fant / drakk / vant
Participle
har funnet / drukket / vunnet
Pattern
y → ø → u
Infinitive
å skyte / å flyte / å bryte(shoot / float / break)
Past
skjøt / fløt / brøt
Participle
har skutt / flytt / brutt
Pattern
e/æ → a → o/å
Infinitive
å bære / å skjære / å stjele(carry / cut / steal)
Past
bar / skar / stjal
Participle
har båret / skåret / stjålet

3. Alphabetical Reference List of Essential Irregular Verbs (A–V)

Comprehensive alphabetical guide to the 67 most essential strong and irregular verbs in Norwegian:

Infinitive (with translation)
å be(to ask / pray)
Present
ber
Past
ba
Perfect
har bedt
Infinitive (with translation)
å bety(to mean)
Present
betyr
Past
betød / betydde
Perfect
har betydd
Infinitive (with translation)
å bite(to bite)
Present
biter
Past
bet
Perfect
har bitt
Infinitive (with translation)
å bli(to become / stay)
Present
blir
Past
ble
Perfect
har blitt
Infinitive (with translation)
å bringe(to bring)
Present
bringer
Past
brakte
Perfect
har brakt
Infinitive (with translation)
å bryte(to break)
Present
bryter
Past
brøt
Perfect
har brutt
Infinitive (with translation)
å bære(to carry / bear)
Present
bærer
Past
bar
Perfect
har båret
Infinitive (with translation)
å dra(to go / travel)
Present
drar
Past
dro
Perfect
har dratt
Infinitive (with translation)
å drikke(to drink)
Present
drikker
Past
drakk
Perfect
har drukket
Infinitive (with translation)
å drive(to operate / run / do)
Present
driver
Past
drev
Perfect
har drevet
Infinitive (with translation)
å falle(to fall)
Present
faller
Past
falt
Perfect
har falt
Infinitive (with translation)
å finne(to find)
Present
finner
Past
fant
Perfect
har funnet
Infinitive (with translation)
å finnes(to exist)
Present
finnes / fins
Past
fantes
Perfect
har funnes
Infinitive (with translation)
å fly(to fly)
Present
flyr
Past
fløy
Perfect
har flydd
Infinitive (with translation)
å forstå(to understand)
Present
forstår
Past
forsto
Perfect
har forstått
Infinitive (with translation)
å fortelle(to tell / narrate)
Present
forteller
Past
fortalte
Perfect
har fortalt
Infinitive (with translation)
å fortsette(to continue)
Present
fortsetter
Past
fortsatte
Perfect
har fortsatt
Infinitive (with translation)
å følge(to follow)
Present
følger
Past
fulgte
Perfect
har fulgt
Infinitive (with translation)
å få(to get / receive)
Present
får
Past
fikk
Perfect
har fått
Infinitive (with translation)
å gi(to give)
Present
gir
Past
ga / gav
Perfect
har gitt
Infinitive (with translation)
å gjelde(to concern / apply)
Present
gjelder
Past
gjaldt
Perfect
har gjeldt
Infinitive (with translation)
å gjøre(to do / make)
Present
gjør
Past
gjorde
Perfect
har gjort
Infinitive (with translation)
å gli(to slide / glide)
Present
glir
Past
gled
Perfect
har glidd
Infinitive (with translation)
å gripe(to grab / seize)
Present
griper
Past
grep
Perfect
har grepet
Infinitive (with translation)
å gå(to walk / go)
Present
går
Past
gikk
Perfect
har gått
Infinitive (with translation)
å ha(to have)
Present
har
Past
hadde
Perfect
har hatt
Infinitive (with translation)
å henge(to hang)
Present
henger
Past
hang
Perfect
har hengt
Infinitive (with translation)
å hete(to be called)
Present
heter
Past
het / hette
Perfect
har hett
Infinitive (with translation)
å hjelpe(to help)
Present
hjelper
Past
hjalp
Perfect
har hjulpet
Infinitive (with translation)
å holde(to hold)
Present
holder
Past
holdt
Perfect
har holdt
Infinitive (with translation)
å komme(to come)
Present
kommer
Past
kom
Perfect
har kommet
Infinitive (with translation)
å late(to pretend / let)
Present
later
Past
lot
Perfect
har latt
Infinitive (with translation)
å le(to laugh)
Present
ler
Past
lo
Perfect
har ledd
Infinitive (with translation)
å legge(to lay / put flat)
Present
legger
Past
la
Perfect
har lagt
Infinitive (with translation)
å ligge(to lie down)
Present
ligger
Past
lå
Perfect
har ligget
Infinitive (with translation)
å løpe(to run)
Present
løper
Past
løp
Perfect
har løpt
Infinitive (with translation)
å møte(to meet)
Present
møter
Past
møtte
Perfect
har møtt
Infinitive (with translation)
å nyte(to enjoy)
Present
nyter
Past
nøt
Perfect
har nytt
Infinitive (with translation)
å rekke(to reach / catch)
Present
rekker
Past
rakk
Perfect
har rukket
Infinitive (with translation)
å ri(to ride (horse))
Present
rir
Past
red
Perfect
har ridd
Infinitive (with translation)
å se(to see / look)
Present
ser
Past
så
Perfect
har sett
Infinitive (with translation)
å selge(to sell)
Present
selger
Past
solgte
Perfect
har solgt
Infinitive (with translation)
å sette(to set / put)
Present
setter
Past
satt
Perfect
har satt
Infinitive (with translation)
å si(to say)
Present
sier
Past
sa
Perfect
har sagt
Infinitive (with translation)
å sitte(to sit)
Present
sitter
Past
satt
Perfect
har sittet
Infinitive (with translation)
å skjelve(to tremble / shiver)
Present
skjelver
Past
skalv
Perfect
har skjelvet
Infinitive (with translation)
å skjære(to cut)
Present
skjærer
Past
skar
Perfect
har skåret
Infinitive (with translation)
å slippe(to escape / avoid / let go)
Present
slipper
Past
slapp
Perfect
har sluppet
Infinitive (with translation)
å snyte(to cheat / blow nose)
Present
snyter
Past
snøt
Perfect
har snytt
Infinitive (with translation)
å skrive(to write)
Present
skriver
Past
skrev
Perfect
har skrevet
Infinitive (with translation)
å slå(to hit / strike)
Present
slår
Past
slo
Perfect
har slått
Infinitive (with translation)
å sove(to sleep)
Present
sover
Past
sov
Perfect
har sovet
Infinitive (with translation)
å spørre(to ask)
Present
spør
Past
spurte
Perfect
har spurt
Infinitive (with translation)
å stryke(to iron / fail)
Present
stryker
Past
strøk
Perfect
har strøket
Infinitive (with translation)
å stå(to stand)
Present
står
Past
sto / stod
Perfect
har stått
Infinitive (with translation)
å synes(to think / seem)
Present
synes
Past
syntes
Perfect
har syntes
Infinitive (with translation)
å synge(to sing)
Present
synger
Past
sang
Perfect
har sunget
Infinitive (with translation)
å synke(to sink)
Present
synker
Past
sank
Perfect
har sunket
Infinitive (with translation)
å ta(to take)
Present
tar
Past
tok
Perfect
har tatt
Infinitive (with translation)
å treffe(to meet / hit)
Present
treffer
Past
traff
Perfect
har truffet
Infinitive (with translation)
å trekke(to pull / draw)
Present
trekker
Past
trakk
Perfect
har trukket
Infinitive (with translation)
å trives(to thrive / enjoy oneself)
Present
trives
Past
trivdes
Perfect
har trivdes
Infinitive (with translation)
å tvinge(to force / compel)
Present
tvinger
Past
tvang
Perfect
har tvunget
Infinitive (with translation)
å velge(to choose)
Present
velger
Past
valgte
Perfect
har valgt
Infinitive (with translation)
å vinne(to win)
Present
vinner
Past
vant
Perfect
har vunnet
Infinitive (with translation)
å vite(to know (facts))
Present
vet
Past
visste
Perfect
har visst
Infinitive (with translation)
å være(to be)
Present
er
Past
var
Perfect
har vært